ANGLO-SAXON. Kings of All England. Edward the Confessor, 1042-1066 Norwich, Struck c. 1042-1044
ANGLO-SAXON. Kings of All England. Edward the Confessor, 1042-1066 Norwich, Struck c. 1042-1044
AR Penny, 1.04g (18mm, 12h).
Pacx type (BMC iv, Hild. D). Norwich mint; Hringulf, moneyer. Diademed bust left; quatrefoil-tipped scepter to left / + RI NCV L · FO NOR, voided long cross with crescent at ends and pellet at center; P A C S in quarters
Pedigree: From the Causeway Collection, purchased from AMR Coins (ticket included)
References: Pagan, Pacx 354 (dies A/c); Freeman 131; SCBI 54 (Stockholm), 231-2 (same dies); North 813; SCBC 1172 S.1172
Grade: Light golden toning. Choice EF. Very rare reading of PACS for PACX
wc1270
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As the subject of a very interesting 2011 article by Hugh Pagan that was published in the British Numismatic journal, this PACX or PACS type silver penny of Edward the confessor stands has long been an interesting question mark in British numismatics.
Now believed to be the “first substantive coinage type” of Edward, the type was most likely issued only for two years. However, this study has revealed that the PACX/PACS type was produced at fifty three mints across England staffed by over 200 moneyers!
This example is one of only 32 known surviving examples issued by the mint at Norwich. During this time, the facility at Norwich employed 5 moneyers: Hringwulf, Leofwig, Leofwine, Manna, Osmund. Employing a “proper style” type Ai obverse die, this example depicts the King’s left facing bust, wearing a diadem and highly detailed royal robes is particularly attractive.